Portainer

This guide explains how to configure Single Sign-On (SSO) between SmartLink and Portainer using OAuth2/OpenID Connect. Portainer Business Edition natively supports OAuth authentication.

Prerequisites

• Portainer Business Edition (BE) version 2.11 or higher
• Administrator access to Portainer
• Application configured in SmartLink with OpenID Connect
• Valid Portainer Business license

Note: OAuth authentication is only available in Portainer Business Edition. The Community Edition (CE) only supports local and LDAP authentication.

Configuration in SmartLink

1. Create the application

1. Log in to SmartLink as an administrator
2. Go to Applications → Add
3. Create a new application:
   • Name: Portainer
   • URL: https://portainer.example.com
   • Description: Docker/Kubernetes container management
   • Icon: Choose the Portainer icon

2. Configure OpenID Connect

1. In the Authentication tab
2. Select OpenID Connect
3. Take note of the following information:
   • Client ID: portainer-xxxxxx
   • Client Secret: secret-xxxxxx
   • Issuer URL: https://your-smartlink.link.vaultys.org/api/oidc/[appid]
   • App ID: [appid] (unique application identifier in SmartLink)

3. Allowed Redirect URLs

Add to Allowed Redirect URLs:

https://portainer.example.com/
https://portainer.example.com/#!/auth

4. Required Scopes

• openid
• profile
• email
• groups (for role mapping)

Configuration in Portainer

1. Access authentication settings

1. Log in to Portainer as an administrator
2. Go to Settings → Authentication
3. Select OAuth as the authentication method

2. Configure OAuth2/OpenID Connect

Configure the OAuth parameters:

Provider Information

• Client ID: portainer-xxxxxx (from SmartLink)
• Client Secret: secret-xxxxxx (from SmartLink)
• Authorization URL: https://your-smartlink.link.vaultys.org/api/oidc/[appid]/authorize
• Access token URL: https://your-smartlink.link.vaultys.org/api/oidc/[appid]/token
• Resource URL: https://your-smartlink.link.vaultys.org/api/oidc/[appid]/userinfo
• Redirect URL: https://portainer.example.com/ (auto-generated)
• Logout URL: https://your-smartlink.link.vaultys.org/logout
• User identifier: sub or email
• Scopes: openid profile email groups

Attribute Mapping

• Username: email
• Given name: given_name
• Family name: family_name
• Email: email
• Groups: groups

3. Configuration with Docker

To deploy Portainer with OAuth configuration:

version: '3.8'

services:
  portainer:
    image: portainer/portainer-ee:latest
    container_name: portainer
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
      - "9443:9443"
      - "8000:8000"
    volumes:
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
      - portainer_data:/data
    command: >
      --http-disabled
      --ssl-cert /certs/cert.pem
      --ssl-key /certs/key.pem
    environment:
      - PORTAINER_OAUTH_CLIENT_ID=portainer-xxxxxx
      - PORTAINER_OAUTH_CLIENT_SECRET=secret-xxxxxx
      - PORTAINER_OAUTH_AUTH_URL=https://your-smartlink.link.vaultys.org/api/oidc/[appid]/authorize
      - PORTAINER_OAUTH_TOKEN_URL=https://your-smartlink.link.vaultys.org/api/oidc/[appid]/token
      - PORTAINER_OAUTH_RESOURCE_URL=https://your-smartlink.link.vaultys.org/api/oidc/[appid]/userinfo
      - PORTAINER_OAUTH_REDIRECT_URL=https://portainer.example.com/
      - PORTAINER_OAUTH_LOGOUT_URL=https://your-smartlink.link.vaultys.org/logout
      - PORTAINER_OAUTH_USER_IDENTIFIER=sub
      - PORTAINER_OAUTH_SCOPES=openid profile email groups

volumes:
  portainer_data:

4. Configuration with Kubernetes

Helm deployment for Portainer:

# values.yaml
image:
  repository: portainer/portainer-ee
  tag: latest

service:
  type: LoadBalancer
  httpPort: 9000
  httpsPort: 9443

persistence:
  enabled: true
  size: 10Gi

oauth:
  enabled: true
  clientId: "portainer-xxxxxx"
  clientSecret: "secret-xxxxxx"
  authorizationURL: "https://your-smartlink.link.vaultys.org/api/oidc/[appid]/authorize"
  accessTokenURL: "https://your-smartlink.link.vaultys.org/api/oidc/[appid]/token"
  resourceURL: "https://your-smartlink.link.vaultys.org/api/oidc/[appid]/userinfo"
  redirectURL: "https://portainer.example.com/"
  logoutURL: "https://your-smartlink.link.vaultys.org/logout"
  userIdentifier: "sub"
  scopes: "openid profile email groups"

Role and Permission Management

Automatic Role Configuration

Portainer supports multiple roles: Administrator, Operator, User, and HelpDesk.

1. Automatic User Creation

In Portainer, enable:

• Automatic user provisioning: ✅
• Default role for new users: User

2. Group Mapping to Roles

In Portainer's OAuth settings:

{
  "group_mappings": [
    {
      "group": "portainer-admins",
      "role": "Administrator"
    },
    {
      "group": "portainer-operators",
      "role": "Operator"
    },
    {
      "group": "portainer-users",
      "role": "User"
    },
    {
      "group": "portainer-helpdesk",
      "role": "HelpDesk"
    }
  ]
}

Team Configuration

To organize users into teams:

1. Settings → Teams
2. Create teams corresponding to SmartLink groups
3. Configure automatic mapping:
   • Team membership provider: OAuth
   • Group claim: groups
   • Team assignment: Automatic

Endpoint Permissions

Configure access to different environments:

# Endpoint permissions configuration
endpoints:
  - name: Production
    groups:
      - portainer-prod-admins: Administrator
      - portainer-prod-users: User
  
  - name: Staging
    groups:
      - portainer-dev-team: Administrator
      - portainer-qa-team: User
  
  - name: Development
    groups:
      - portainer-developers: Administrator

Configuration Testing

1. Initial Connection Test

1. Log out of Portainer
2. On the login page, click Login with OAuth
3. You will be redirected to SmartLink
4. Authenticate with your SmartLink credentials
5. You should be logged in to Portainer

2. Permission Verification

# Using the Portainer API
curl -X GET https://portainer.example.com/api/users/me \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer YOUR_TOKEN"

# Expected response
{
  "Id": 2,
  "Username": "john.doe",
  "Role": 1,
  "UserTheme": "",
  "PortainerAuthorizations": {...}
}

3. Docker CLI Test

# Docker context configuration
docker context create portainer \
  --docker "host=tcp://portainer.example.com:2376,ca=ca.pem,cert=cert.pem,key=key.pem"

# Usage
docker context use portainer
docker ps

Environment Configuration

Adding Docker Environments

1. Environments → Add environment
2. Choose the type:
   • Docker Standalone
   • Docker Swarm
   • Kubernetes
   • Azure Container Instances
   • Docker via API

Configuration for Docker Swarm

# docker-compose.yml for Portainer agent
version: '3.8'

services:
  agent:
    image: portainer/agent:latest
    volumes:
      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
      - /var/lib/docker/volumes:/var/lib/docker/volumes
    networks:
      - agent_network
    deploy:
      mode: global
      placement:
        constraints: [node.platform.os == linux]

networks:
  agent_network:
    driver: overlay
    attachable: true

Configuration for Kubernetes

# portainer-agent-k8s.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
  name: portainer
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
  name: portainer-sa-clusteradmin
  namespace: portainer
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
  name: portainer-crb-clusteradmin
roleRef:
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: cluster-admin
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: portainer-sa-clusteradmin
  namespace: portainer
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: portainer-agent
  namespace: portainer
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: portainer-agent
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: portainer-agent
    spec:
      serviceAccountName: portainer-sa-clusteradmin
      containers:
      - name: portainer-agent
        image: portainer/agent:latest
        ports:
        - containerPort: 9001
          protocol: TCP

Troubleshooting

Error "Invalid OAuth configuration"

Issue: OAuth configuration is invalid

Solution:

1. Check all URLs (watch out for trailing slashes)
2. Test the endpoints:

   curl https://your-smartlink.link.vaultys.org/api/oidc/[appid]/.well-known/openid-configuration
3. Check Portainer logs:

   docker logs portainer

Error "User does not have access to any environment"

Issue: User is logged in but has no access

Solution:

1. Check the user's groups in SmartLink
2. Configure endpoint permissions
3. Assign a default role to new users

Groups are not synchronized

Issue: SmartLink groups are not mapped

Solution:

1. Ensure that the groups scope is requested
2. Test the UserInfo response:

   curl -H "Authorization: Bearer TOKEN" \
     https://your-smartlink.link.vaultys.org/api/oidc/[appid]/userinfo
3. Check the format of groups (should be an array)

SSL Certificate Error

Issue: SSL error during OAuth connection

Solution:

1. Use valid certificates (not self-signed)
2. For testing, temporarily disable verification:

   environment:
     - PORTAINER_OAUTH_SSO_INSECURE_SKIP_VERIFY=true
3. ⚠️ Never use in production

Security

Recommendations

1. Mandatory HTTPS: Always use HTTPS
2. Environment Isolation: Separate prod/staging/dev
3. Strict RBAC: Use appropriate roles
4. Audit Logs: Enable and monitor logs
5. Secrets Rotation: Regularly change OAuth secrets

Enhanced Security Configuration

# Secure configuration
environment:
  # Disable local authentication after OAuth configuration
  - PORTAINER_AUTH_LOCAL_DISABLED=true
  # Session timeout
  - PORTAINER_SESSION_TIMEOUT=8h
  # Enable audit logs
  - PORTAINER_AUDIT_LOG=true
  # Force HTTPS
  - PORTAINER_HTTP_DISABLED=true

IP Access Limitation

# Nginx configuration to limit access
location / {
    # Allow only certain IPs
    allow 10.0.0.0/8;
    allow 192.168.1.0/24;
    deny all;
    
    proxy_pass https://portainer:9443;
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
}

Advanced Configuration

Integration with GitOps

# ArgoCD configuration for Portainer
apiVersion: argoproj.io/v1alpha1
kind: Application
metadata:
  name: portainer
  namespace: argocd
spec:
  project: default
  source:
    repoURL: https://github.com/portainer/k8s
    targetRevision: HEAD
    path: charts/portainer
    helm:
      values: |
        oauth:
          enabled: true
          clientId: portainer-xxxxxx
          clientSecret: secret-xxxxxx

Monitoring with Prometheus

# Metrics configuration
environment:
  - PORTAINER_METRICS_ENABLED=true
  - PORTAINER_METRICS_PORT=9090

# Prometheus scrape config
scrape_configs:
  - job_name: 'portainer'
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['portainer:9090']

Resources

• Portainer OAuth Documentation
• Portainer Business Features
• Portainer API
• Portainer Forum